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どうして， 如何して

1. how, in what way, by what means 2. why, for what reason, for what purpose, what for 3. cannot possibly 4. no way

如何、以何种方式、通过何种手段；为什么，出于什么原因，为了什么目的

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こんな

1. this sort of, this kind of, like this, such

tbd

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上等， じょうとう

1. superior, first-class, excellent, top quality 2. (that's) just fine!, bring it on!

tbd

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ぶどう酒， 葡萄酒， ブドウ酒， ぶどうしゅ， ブドウしゅ

1. (grape) wine

tbd

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を

1. indicates direct object of action 2. indicates subject of causative expression 3. indicates an area traversed 4. indicates time (period) over which action takes place 5. indicates point of departure or separation of action 6. indicates object of d...

表示动作的直接对象；表示经过的场所；表示离开或分开的点

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今まで， 今迄， いままで

1. until now, till now, up to now, up to the present, so far

到现在为止

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取っておく， 取って置く， とっておく

1. to set aside, to keep in reserve, to hold on to

tbd

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の

1. indicates possessive 2. nominalizes verbs and adjectives 3. substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases 4. (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion 5. (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis 6. (at sentence-end, risi...

句尾起强调作用；助词，表示所有关系

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が

1. indicates the subject of a sentence 2. indicates possession 3. but, however, (and) yet, though, although, while 4. and 5. used after an introductory remark or explanation 6. regardless of ..., whether ... (or not), no matter ... 7. indicates a des...

tbd

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