1. indicates direct object of action
2. indicates subject of causative expression
3. indicates an area traversed
4. indicates time (period) over which action takes place
5. indicates point of departure or separation of action
6. indicates object of d...
1. as (it is), remaining (in a state), keeping (the same), leaving (unchanged)
2. with (e.g. one's eyes closed, the light on), while (e.g. standing, alive), as
3. as (one pleases, one is told, etc.), according to
4. sic
1. to sleep (lying down)
2. to go to bed, to lie in bed
3. to lie down
4. to sleep (with someone, i.e. have intercourse)
5. to lie flat (e.g. of hair)
6. to lie idle (of funds, stock, etc.)
7. to ferment (of soy sauce, miso, etc.)
1. bad, wrong, naughty
2. must not (do, be), should not, ought not to
3. useless, no good, bad
4. hopeless, beyond hope
5. unfortunate, a shame, a pity
6. unable to drink (alcohol)
7. so as not to ..., so that ... (won't), in case ..., for fear that ...
1. at (place, time), in, on, during
2. to (direction, state), toward, into
3. for (purpose)
4. because of (reason), for, with
5. by, from
6. as (i.e. in the role of)
7. per, in, for, a (e.g. "once a month")
8. and, in addition to
9. if, although
1. to do, to carry out, to perform
2. to cause to become, to make (into), to turn (into)
3. to serve as, to act as, to work as
4. to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
5. to judge as being, to view as being, to think of as, to treat as, to use...
